Measured by VO2max (Maximal Oxygen Consumption)
Higher VO2max, the better shape you are in.
VO2max can be reported in two ways:
1. Relative to weight 10-90ml kg^-1 min^-1 (relative terms)
OR
2. Absolute terms (based on absolute difference between people)
pkt. pg. 32-33
Before you can improve someone's cardiorespiratory fitness, you have to know their present fitness level.
3 major types of tests to extimate VO2max.
1.Feild tests-many of these
Does not require expensive equipment. Most commonly used- Rockport 1 mile walk test.
2. Maximal
3. Sub-maximal Graded Exercise Tests (GXT)
The difference between 2&3 is when you terminate the test.
Max: Until athlete is completely fatigued. Ideally @HRmax (220-age) but max test HRmax is mode specific.
HRpeak
VO2peak > not able to get VO2max or HRmax with some modes eg smaller muscle groups, etc.
Submax: terminated @70-85 % of HRmax
Example: 220-46= 174
.7(174)=122
.85(174)=148- the closer you get to 85% the better the data you collect.
Submax (& max) Test Procedures:
Stage 1 warm up
Stage 2 and up - increase intensity (incline and speed) progressively
typically a stage lasts 2-3 min. based on what protocol you use (YMCA=3min., ACSM=2min.)
YMCA Test
Stage 1 Min. 0-1: no physiological data collected
min. 1-2 collect in order: 10sec HR, RPE, Signs/Symptoms
min. 2-3 collect in order: BP, HR, RPE, S/S
Do I graduate the person to stage 2? Must have a steady state HR.
Steady State= HR within +or-1 bpm (10sec HR) or +or-5 bpm (60sec HR)
Extend stage one if +or-2 bpm. and collect in order BP, HR, RPE, S/S
If any of the HRs are within +or-1 bpm (not just consecutive ones) you can graduate them.
Stage 2: Tell them you are going to increase intensity
min. 4-5 no data collected
5-6 HR, RPE, S/S
6-7 BP, HR, RPE, S/S
Steady state to graduate
Terminate test between .7-.85 HRmax
Good data: > or = 110bpm minimum HR
ideally 85% HRmax
Steady state is the average of 2 HRs. Data is unreliable under 110 bpm. Must use data above 110 bpm.
GXT
1. Informed consent pkt pg. 17-18, ACSM 52-54
7 parts
a. explaination
b. risk
c. responsibilities
d. benefits
e questions
f. medical records
g. consent
2. Record
a. age
b. weight
c. height-hands on waist, inhalation, 5 point contact on wall
d. gender
e. estimated HRmax
f. HRrest-full min HR
g. BPrest- 70-85% HRmax (regardless of mode)
3. Instructions and PRACTICE-let the client get used to the machine.
4. Initiate test
a. warm up usually included in protocol
b. gradually increase in speed or grade/resistance or both ever 2-3 min. Allow for steady state HR.
c. FOLLOW STANDARDIZED PROCEDURE PROTOCOL: - HR,S/S @ end of 2nd min. - BP, HR, RPE, S/S @ end of 3rd min.
In a 2 min. stage, you collect data from 0-1 min of each stage. (need two HRs)
pg. 27 pkt
pg 74 ACSM
Termination of GXT
1. VO2max is reached/submax HR is reached
2. Abnormal signs/symptoms
- terminate the test:
dizziness, mental confusion, staggering, unsteadiness
angina or claudication
nausea
marked/abnormal dyspnea
cyanosis or pallor
severe fatigue
severe facial distress
3. Subject Asks to Stop
4. Abnormal BP response - SBP decreases by >or=20mmHg with increased intensity
MEMORIZE: SBP > 260mmHg (not during resistance training)
DBP: >115 mmHg
5. 70-85% of HRmax is acheived (during submax)
6.Malfunction of equipment - don't restart test that day
7. Various EKG responses
Walking Feild Test- Rockport 1 mile walk test
Most commonly used to estimate VO2max in general population
All field usually able to test many ppl @ same time
Ideally on a flat track
Loop
During this test-tell them to walk 1 mile as fast as tehy can (1 part of 1 ft. is always in contact with the ground)
1. Time to the closest second.
2. within 5sec of stopping take 10sec. HR
3. Gender
4. Age
5. Body weight
pkt pg. 21-23
Example 50 year old female, 155 lbs., HR 25, time 15:15
27.4 if you use charts
28.3 =132.853-0.1692(155/2.2)-0.3877(50)+6.315 (0)-3.2649(15.25)-0.1565(150) if you use the equation.
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